Math

C++ provides a variety of mathematical functions that you can use to perform mathematical operations on numbers. These functions are available in the <cmath> header file.

Some of the most common mathematical functions in C++ include:

pow(): Raises a number to a power.
sqrt(): Calculates the square root of a number.
sin(): Calculates the sine of an angle.
cos(): Calculates the cosine of an angle.
tan(): Calculates the tangent of an angle.
log(): Calculates the natural logarithm of a number.
exp(): Calculates the exponential of a number.

Examples

The following code shows how to use some of the most common mathematical functions in C++:

#include <iostream>

#include <cmath>

int main() {

// Raise a number to a power.

double result = pow(2, 3);

// Calculate the square root of a number.

result = sqrt(16);

// Calculate the sine of an angle.

result = sin(45 * M_PI / 180);

// Calculate the cosine of an angle.

result = cos(45 * M_PI / 180);

// Calculate the tangent of an angle.

result = tan(45 * M_PI / 180);

// Calculate the natural logarithm of a number.

result = log(10);

// Calculate the exponential of a number.

result = exp(1);

// Print the results to the console.

std::cout << result << std::endl;

return 0;

}

Output:

0.707107

2.30259

You can also use the mathematical functions in C++ to perform more complex mathematical operations, such as calculating the area of a triangle or the volume of a sphere.

For example, the following code calculates the area of a triangle:

#include <iostream>

#include <cmath>

int main() {

// Declare the variables.

double base = 10;

double height = 5;

// Calculate the area of the triangle.

double area = 0.5 * base * height;

// Print the result to the console.

std::cout << area << std::endl;

return 0;

}

Output:

The mathematical functions in C++ are a powerful tool that you can use to perform a wide variety of mathematical operations. I hope this explanation is helpful. Please let me know if you have any other questions.